PCOS: Signs and Symptoms

Although the exact cause is unclear, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) tends to run in families. What are the signs and symptoms a woman should look for? Let's start with the basics: what is PCOS?

What Is PCOS?

For example, women naturally produce a small amount of androgens, the male sex hormones. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is when ovaries produce an abnormal amount of these androgens. PCOS is fairly common, affecting up to 27% of women during their reproductive years. It affects the ovaries and ovulation (release of a mature egg).

PCOS causes numerous small, fluid-filled "bubbles," or sacs, to grow inside the ovaries. Each of these sacs contains an immature egg. Normally, the presence of a mature egg will trigger the ovary to release it. This is In PCOS, these eggs never mature, so ovulation doesn't happen. Increasingly more of these sacs containing immature eggs develop in the ovaries, causing the signs and symptoms of PCOS.

What Are the Signs of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?

What are some signs that could indicate may point to another condition or even go unnoticed. As many as 70% of women with PCOS may go undiagnosed, sometimes for several years.

In most cases, PCOS is suspected after someone experiences two of the following three signs:

‍
‍

Early diagnosis and treatment may help reduce the incidence of long-term complications.

Symptoms of PCOS

seen in women with PCOS include some or all of the following:

Symptoms of PCOS vary widely. Other conditions have similar symptoms, so women with these problems may or may not have PCOS. It is important to distinguish PCOS from other causes of irregular or absent menses such as functional hypothalamic amenorrhea or premature ovarian failure.

How Is PCOS Diagnosed?

Because of the
 to diagnose this condition. These can include:

will ask you questions about your past medical history and the history of your close family members. You'll be asked questions about the specifics of your symptoms, and the exam will likely include a pelvic exam.

Complications of PCOS

 if you'd like more information.

Obesity is also associated with PCOS and is a known contributing factor to many of the complications of PCOS.

PCOS and Infertility

Because PCOS interferes with reproductive health, it is recognized as a leading cause of infertility. While some women with PCOS can and do get pregnant, a woman who has PCOS while pregnant is at higher risk for certain problems.

If you suspect you're experiencing signs of PCOS, contact the